Farming techniques have changed in recent years. In 1900 the human population was 1.6 billion. Describe: • why more land is being used for farming • how increased farming has decreased biodiversity – 7089

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1. As the population grows, we need more food, so more land is used for farming crops and animals. Land is also used for growing biofuels and using peat as compost or fuel. More land is needed for organic or free-range farming, and more pesticides and fertilisers are used.This can reduce biodiversity. Cutting down trees (deforestation), removing hedgerows, and growing only one type of crop (monocultures) destroys habitats. This affects animals by reducing food and shelter. Chemicals like fertilisers and pesticides can pollute water and harm insects and plants, which then affects the food chain.
   Farming also causes air pollution. Machines and animals like cows release gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, which contribute to global warming. This can cause climate change, acid rain, and desertification, all of which can damage biodiversity further.

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