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Q1.
Figure 6 shows some properties of three substances, A, B and C.
Deduce, using the information in Figure 6, the structure and bonding of substances A, B and C, explaining their properties in terms of their structure and bonding.
(6)
Substance A has a giant ionic structure. It has a high melting point because the forces between the ions are strong and need a lot of energy to break. When it’s solid, the ions can’t move, so it can’t conduct electricity. But when it’s molten, the ions can move, so it can conduct electricity.
Substance B has a metallic structure. It also has a high melting point because the metal ions and free electrons are strongly attracted to each other. The electrons can move, so it conducts electricity well when solid and molten.
Substance C is made of simple molecules. It has a low melting point because the forces between the molecules are weak and easy to break. It doesn’t conduct electricity when solid or molten because there are no free electrons or ions.
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